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Culture of Germany - Location and Geography
Germany is located in north-central Europe. It shares boundaries with
nine other countries: Denmark, Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria,
Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
At various
times in the past, the German Reich claimed bordering regions in France
(Alsace-Lorraine) and had territories that now belong to Poland, Russia,
and Lithuania (Pomerania, Silesia, and East Prussia). Shortly after the
unification of East and West Germany in 1990, the Federal Republic signed
a treaty with Poland, in which it renounced all claims to territories east
of the boundary formed by the Oder and Neisse rivers—the de facto
border since the end of World War II.
The northern part of Germany, which lies on the North Sea and the Baltic
Sea, is a coastal plain of low elevation. In the east, this coastal plain
extends southward for over 120 miles (200 kilometers), but, in the rest of
the country, the central region is dotted with foothills. Thereafter, the
elevation increases
fairly steadily, culminating in the Black Forest in the southwest and the
Bavarian Alps in the south. The Rhine, Weser, and Elbe rivers run toward
the north or northwest, emptying into the North Sea. Similarly, the Oder
river, which marks the border with Poland, flows northward into the Baltic
Sea. The Danube has its source in the Black Forest then runs eastward,
draining southern Germany and emptying eventually into the Black Sea.
Germany has a temperate seasonal climate with moderate to heavy rainfall.
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